Author: will

Sources, reference years and reuse

Boundaries and divisions: OpenStreetMap, Wambacher. Licence: Open Data Commons Open Database License 1.0. Source and terms. Reference dataset: 2017 regions, excluding Western Sahara. Boundaries are generalised and do not show cadastral boundaries or current territorial control.

Coverage: Western Sahara, a territory with disputed status, is outside the map. The source regions are clipped to this extent, so the map does not show all 12 regions claimed by Morocco or imply territorial recognition.

Cities and context: Natural Earth 5.1.1, public domain. Selection for educational use, without a current population ranking. Capitals with different functions are marked in countries with more than one.

Relief: SRTM15+ / Tozer et al. (2019), via GMT earth_relief_02m, CC BY 4.0. Grid generalised to two arcminutes. Colours show elevation bands in metres.

Population: Schiavina et al. (2023), GHS-POP R2023A, residential population estimates 2020, © European Union / JRC, CC BY 4.0. Source grid: 1 km², expressed as people per km². Areas without data are transparent and do not imply zero population. Coverage and resolution may be limited on small islands.

Our new maps: CC BY 4.0. The packs include derived geometries and full credits. Original data licences and rights on earlier maps still apply.

© contributors OpenStreetMap. Derived databases are included and remain licensed under ODbL.

Sources, reference years and reuse

Boundaries and divisions: RCMRD GeoPortal, Africa GeoPortal. Licence: Public Domain. Source and terms. Reference date: 2020. Boundaries are generalised and do not represent cadastral boundaries or current territorial control.

Coverage: Kenya: 47 counties. The source represents 47 counties with generalised borders and disputed areas.

Cities and context: Natural Earth 5.1.1, public domain. Selection for educational use, without a current population ranking. Capitals with different functions are marked in countries with more than one.

Relief: SRTM15+ / Tozer et al. (2019), via GMT earth_relief_02m, CC BY 4.0. Grid generalised to two arcminutes. Colours show elevation bands in metres.

Population: Schiavina et al. (2023), GHS-POP R2023A, residential population estimates 2020, © European Union / JRC, CC BY 4.0. Source grid: 1 km², expressed as people per km². Areas without data are transparent and do not imply zero population. Coverage and resolution may be limited on small islands.

Our new maps: CC BY 4.0. The packs include derived geometries and full credits. Original data licences and rights on earlier maps still apply.

Sources, reference years and reuse

Boundaries and divisions: Ghana Statistical Services (GSS), HDX. Licence: CC BY 3.0 IGO. Source and terms. Reference date: 2021. Boundaries are generalised and do not represent cadastral boundaries or current territorial control.

Coverage: Ghana: 16 regions. Generalised reference boundaries do not show current territorial control.

Cities and context: Natural Earth 5.1.1, public domain. Selection for educational use, without a current population ranking. Capitals with different functions are marked in countries with more than one.

Relief: SRTM15+ / Tozer et al. (2019), via GMT earth_relief_02m, CC BY 4.0. Grid generalised to two arcminutes. Colours show elevation bands in metres.

Population: Schiavina et al. (2023), GHS-POP R2023A, residential population estimates 2020, © European Union / JRC, CC BY 4.0. Source grid: 1 km², expressed as people per km². Areas without data are transparent and do not imply zero population. Coverage and resolution may be limited on small islands.

Our new maps: CC BY 4.0. The packs include derived geometries and full credits. Original data licences and rights on earlier maps still apply.

Sources, reference years and reuse

Outlines, administrative divisions, cities and waterways: Natural Earth 5.1.1, public domain. Boundaries are generalised for mapping and are unsuitable for cadastral use. The number and names of the provinces were checked against an institutional source . This does not mean that every boundary has been updated. Cities are selected for educational use and are not ranked by population.

Relief: SRTM15+V2.7 / Tozer et al. (2019), via GMT earth_relief_02m, grid generalised to two arcminutes, CC BY 4.0. Colours show elevation bands in metres. Hill shading is indicative.

Population: Schiavina et al. (2023), GHS-POP R2023A, residential population estimates 2020, © European Union / JRC, CC BY 4.0. Source grid: 1 km², expressed as people per km². The 2026 edition date does not change the population reference year.

Our new maps: mapping by Carte-monde.org, November 2026, under CC BY 4.0. Credit the authors, sources and reference dates and indicate changes. Packs include source notes and derived boundaries. Earlier maps and flags retain their own rights.

Sources, reference years and reuse

Boundaries and divisions: CSA (Central Statistics Agency) + Regional Bureau of Finance and Economic Development (BoFED). Licence: CC BY 3.0 IGO. Source and terms. Reference date: 2025-01-01. Boundaries are generalised and do not represent cadastral boundaries or current territorial control.

Coverage: Ethiopia: 12 regional states and 2 autonomous cities. A disputed area is shown separately in the OCHA dataset.

Cities and context: Natural Earth 5.1.1, public domain. Selection for educational use, without a current population ranking. Capitals with different functions are marked in countries with more than one.

Relief: SRTM15+ / Tozer et al. (2019), via GMT earth_relief_02m, CC BY 4.0. Grid generalised to two arcminutes. Colours show elevation bands in metres.

Population: Schiavina et al. (2023), GHS-POP R2023A, residential population estimates 2020, © European Union / JRC, CC BY 4.0. Source grid: 1 km², expressed as people per km². Areas without data are transparent and do not imply zero population. Coverage and resolution may be limited on small islands.

Our new maps: CC BY 4.0. The packs include derived geometries and full credits. Original data licences and rights on earlier maps still apply.